英语表语中一般与连系动词构成系表结构,常用的连系动词有:be(am/is/are;was/were),look,feel,smell,sound,taste,seem,go,appear,keep,remain,become,get,grow,turn等。表语在句中的位置大致有两种:正常位置(位于连系动词之后)和倒装位置(位于句首)。
1.正常位置:在系表结构中表语放在连系动词之后。
如:He became very interested in science.他对科学变得非常感兴趣。
2.倒装位置:有时出于句法或修辞的要求而将表语提到句首。主要有以下四种表语前置的情况:
(1)在由what,how引导的感叹句中。
如:What fun it is to jump in a pool or go swimming in a river in summer!夏天跳进游泳池或在河里游泳是多么有趣啊!
(2)在由as引导的让步状语从句中。
如:Proud as these nobles are,he is afraid to see me.虽然这些贵族很骄傲,但他不敢见我。
(3)为了强调表语。
如:In front of the house was a tall tree.房子前面有一棵大树。
(4)为了使句子结构平衡,将较长的主语放在句末,而将较短的表语提到句首。
如:Such would be our home in the future.这就是我们将来的家。